KRAB zinc-finger proteins contribute to the evolution of gene regulatory networks. The arms race between KRAB-zinc finger proteins and endogenous retroelements and its impact on mammals. This study uncovers ~100 fusion proteins combining DNA transposase and host-derived domains in tetrapod genomes, suggesting that novel mammalian transcriptional regulators can arise via this process, which is confirmed for the bat fusion protein KRABINER.īruno, M., Mahgoub, M. Host–transposon interactions: conflict, cooperation, and cooption. Regulation of transposable elements by DNA modifications. This article is a useful primer by leaders in the field on the importance of mammalian TEs for genome evolution and function that introduces their properties and interactions with host cells. Ten things you should know about transposable elements. Regulatory evolution of innate immunity through co-option of endogenous retroviruses. Transposable elements are the primary source of novelty in primate gene regulation. Using transcriptional profiling across mammalian endometrial cells, this work demonstrates that genes expressed in human endometrium gained endometrial expression through eutherian-specific MER20 elements that provide binding sites for transcription factors important for hormone responsiveness and pregnancy. Transposon-mediated rewiring of gene regulatory networks contributed to the evolution of pregnancy in mammals. Ancient transposable elements transformed the uterine regulatory landscape and transcriptome during the evolution of mammalian pregnancy.
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This study establishes that genome-wide species-specific gene regulatory networks in mouse TSCs rely on ERV-derived sequences, using the example of RLTR13D5 elements that provide binding sites for essential placental transcription factors.
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Endogenous retroviruses function as species-specific enhancer elements in the placenta. This article is a comprehensive introduction to features and distribution of major TE groups across eukaryote genomes in the context of their biology and evolution. A field guide to eukaryotic transposable elements. Ever-changing landscapes: transcriptional enhancers in development and evolution. Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome. Nature 409, 860–921 (2001).Ĭhimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. If you do not want to use this feature, please turn off in-app purchases in your device's settings.Lander, E.
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